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Aerodynamic interference effects and mitigation measures on vortex-induced vibrations of two adjacent

Xiaoliang MENG, Ledong ZHU, Zhenshan GUO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 510-517 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0129-3

摘要： By examining the two neighboring Haihe Bridges with semi- and full-closed bridge decks, the aerodynamic interference between the two decks on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and the corresponding aerodynamic mitigation measures are investigated via a series of wind tunnel tests with a spring-suspended sectional model aided with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results show that the VIV responses of both bridges can be significantly affected by the aerodynamic interference and that the extent of the influence varies with the shapes of the windward and leeward decks. The VIV amplitudes of the windward bridge are often fairly close to those of the single bridge. However, those of the leeward bridge are magnified substantially by aerodynamic interference if the same structural and aerodynamic configurations are adopted for the two bridges. Otherwise, the VIV responses are not significantly increased and may even be reduced by the aerodynamic interference if different configurations are employed for the two bridges. Furthermore, an effective combined measure of adding wind barriers and sharpening the wind fairing noses of the two box decks is presented for mitigating both the vertical and torsional VIV responses of the windward and leeward bridges.

关键词： separated parallel decks     vortex-induced vibration     aerodynamic interference     aerodynamic mitigation measure     semi-closed box deck     full-closed box deck    

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Clogging of slurry-shield tunnel-boring machine drives in sedimentary soft rock: A case study

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0984-8

摘要： This paper presents a case study of the clogging of a slurry-shield tunnel-boring machine (TBM) experienced during tunnel operations in clay-rich argillaceous siltstones under the Ganjiang River, China. The clogging experienced during tunneling was due to special geological conditions, which had a considerably negative impact on the slurry-shield TBM tunneling performance. In this case study, the effect of clogging on the slurry-shield TBM tunneling performance (e.g., advance speed, thrust, torque, and penetration per revolution) was fully investigated. The potential for clogging during tunnel operations in argillaceous siltstone was estimated using an existing empirical classification chart. Many improvement measures have been proposed to mitigate the clogging potential of two slurry-shield TBMs during tunneling, such as the use of an optimum cutting wheel, a replacement cutting tool, improvements to the circulation flushing system and slurry properties, mixed support integrating slurry, and compressed air to support the excavation face. The mechanisms and potential causes of clogging are explained in detail, and the contributions of these mitigation measures to tunneling performance are discussed. By investigating the actual operational parameters of the slurry-shield TBMs, these mitigation measures were proven to be effective in mitigating the clogging potential of slurry-shield TBMs. This case study provides valuable information for slurry-shield TBMs involving tunneling in clay-rich sedimentary rocks.

关键词： slurry-shield TBM     geological investigation     clogging     argillaceous siltstone     TBM performance     mitigation measures    

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Accounting greenhouse gas emissions of food consumption between urban and rural residents in China: a whole production perspective

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 357-374 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0763-y

摘要： Food consumption is necessary for human survival. On a global scale, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission related to food consumption accounts for 19%–29% of the total GHG emission. China has the largest population in the world, which is experiencing a rapid development. Under the background of urbanization and the adjustment of the diet structure of Chinese residents, it is critical to mitigate the overall GHG emission caused by food consumption. This study aims to employ a single-region input-output (SRIO) model and a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model to measure GHG emission generated from food consumption in China and compare the contributions of different industrial sectors, uncovering the differences between urban and rural residents and among different provinces (autonomous regions/municipalities), as well as identifying the driving forces of GHG emission from food consumption at a national level. The results indicate that the total GHG emission generated from food consumption in China tripled from 157 Mt CO2e in 2002 to 452 Mt CO2e in 2017. The fastest growing GHG emission is from the consumption of other processed food and meat products. Although GHG emissions from both urban and rural residents increased, the gap between them is increasing. Agriculture, processing and manufacture of food, manufacture of chemical and transportation, storage and post services sectors are key sectors inducing food consumption related GHG emissions. From a regional perspective, the top five emission provinces (autonomous regions/municipalities) include Shandong, Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu. Based on such results, policy recommendations are proposed to mitigate the overall GHG emission from food consumption.

关键词： greenhouse gas (GHG) emission     food consumption     industry sectors     mitigation measures     urban governance    

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Efficiency of scalar and vector intensity measures for seismic slope displacements

Gang WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 44-52 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0138-x

摘要： Ground motion intensity measures are usually used to predict the earthquake-induced displacements in earth dams, soil slopes and soil structures. In this study, the efficiency of various single ground motion intensity measures (scalar ) or a combination of them (vector ) are investigated using the PEER-NGA strong motion database and an equivalent-linear sliding-mass model. Although no single intensity measure is efficient enough for all slope conditions, the spectral acceleration at 1.5 times of the initial slope period and Arias intensity of the input motion are found to be the most efficient scalar for flexible slopes and stiff slopes respectively. Vector can incorporate different characteristics of the ground motion and thus significantly improve the efficiency over a wide range of slope conditions. Among various vector considered, the spectral accelerations at multiple spectral periods achieve high efficiency for a wide range of slope conditions. This study provides useful guidance to the development of more efficient empirical prediction models as well as the ground motion selection criteria for time domain analysis of seismic slope displacements.

关键词： seismic slope displacements     intensity measures     empirical prediction    

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Optimization design of anti-seismic engineering measures for intake tower based on non-dominated sorting

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1428-1441 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0998-2

摘要： High-rise intake towers in high-intensity seismic areas are prone to structural safety problems under vibration. Therefore, effective and low-cost anti-seismic engineering measures must be designed for protection. An intake tower in northwest China was considered the research object, and its natural vibration characteristics and dynamic response were first analyzed using the mode decomposition response spectrum method based on a three-dimensional finite element model. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was adopted to optimize the anti-seismic scheme combination by comprehensively considering the dynamic tower response and variable project cost. Finally, the rationality of the original intake tower antiseismic design scheme was evaluated according to the obtained optimal solution set, and recommendations for improvement were proposed. The method adopted in this study may provide significant references for designing anti-seismic measures for high-rise structures such as intake towers located in high-intensity earthquake areas.

关键词： intake tower     NSGA-II     mode decomposition response spectrum method     anti-seismic engineering measures     optimization design     variable project cost    

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Unnormalized and normalized forms of gefura measures in directed and undirected networks

Raf GUNS,Ronald ROUSSEAU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第4期   页码 311-320 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400425

摘要： In some networks nodes belong to predefined groups (e.g., authors belong to institutions). Common network centrality measures do not take this structure into account. Gefura measures are designed as indicators of a node’s brokerage role between such groups. They are defined as variants of betweenness centrality and consider to what extent a node belongs to shortest paths between nodes from different groups. In this article we make the following new contributions to their study: (1) We systematically study unnormalized gefura measures and show that, next to the ‘structural’ normalization that has hitherto been applied, a ‘basic’ normalization procedure is possible. While the former normalizes at the level of groups, the latter normalizes at the level of nodes. (2) Treating undirected networks as equivalent to symmetric directed networks, we expand the definition of gefura measures to the directed case. (3) It is shown how Brandes’ algorithm for betweenness centrality can be adjusted to cover these cases.

关键词： Networks subdivided in groups     Partitions     Gefura measures     Q-measures     Brokerage role     Directed and undirected networks     Brandes’     algorithm    

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GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 268-280 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023495

摘要：

● An expert survey highlighted the most effective strategies for GHG and ammonia mitigation.

关键词： agriculture     ammonia     greenhouse gas     mitigation     net zero    

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Improvement to observability measures of LFO modes in power systems with DFIGs

Shenghu LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 539-549 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0617-z

摘要： Observation of the low-frequency oscillation (LFO) modes in power systems is important to design the damping scheme. The state equations of the power system with the doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) are derived to find the LFO modes related to the synchronous generator (SGs) and the DFIGs. The definition of the observability measure is improved to consider the initial output and the attenuation speed of the modes. The sensitivities of the observability measures to the control parameters are derived. The numerical results from the small and large-disturbance validate the LFO modes caused by the DFIGs, and different observability measures are compared. Adjustment of the control parameters is chosen based on the sensitivity model to improve the observability and damping ratio of the LFO mode, and the stability of the wind power system.

关键词： wind power system     low-frequency oscillation (LFO)     observability measure     sensitivity     doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)    

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New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 301-313 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016055

摘要： First-mover advantage and solid foundation of oil and gas cooperation is very important to the Belt and Road Initiative. Deeply studied opportunities and challenges of oil and gas cooperation have far-reaching significance to the cooperation in other industries in the Belt and Road. In this article, based on the systematic analysis of the oil and gas supply security, investment environment, regional win-win situation in oil and gas cooperation, new opportunities and challenges about upstream, pipeline, refining, trade, warehousing, engineering technology and equipment are studied. Enhancing capacities in four areas and implementing the 16 measures are given for deepening oil and gas cooperation in the future. Meanwhile, this article also gives suggestions and cooperation directions for countries and companies.

关键词： the Belt and Road     oil & gas cooperation     new challenges     new opportunities     new measures    

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Fire hazard in transportation infrastructure: Review, assessment, and mitigation strategies

Venkatesh KODUR, M. Z. NASER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 46-60 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0676-6

摘要： This paper reviews the fire problem in critical transportation infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels. The magnitude of the fire problem is illustrated, and the recent increase in fire problems in bridges and tunnels is highlighted. Recent research undertaken to address fire problems in transportation structures is reviewed, as well as critical factors governing the performance of those structures. Furthermore, key strategies recommended for mitigating fire hazards in bridges and tunnels are presented, and their applicability to practical situations is demonstrated through a practical case study. Furthermore, research needs and emerging trends for enhancing the “state-of-the-art” in this area are discussed.

关键词： fire hazard     bridges     tunnels     fire resistance     mitigation strategies     transportation infrastructure    

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Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023529

摘要：

● Sugarcane and sugar beet yield and carbon footprint rose with time but profit declined

关键词： Economic profits     GHG emissions     labor input     nitrogen input     sugar    

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Progress in developing an innovative lean burn catalytic turbine technology for fugitive methane mitigation

Shi SU, Xinxiang YU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 229-235 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0147-9

摘要： Approximately 2.8 × 10 m of methane is emitted per year to the atmosphere from coal mining activities around the world. Mitigation and utilization of the fugitive coal mine methane is very difficult because its concentration is very low and varies from 0.1% to1%, and the methane is contained in a large air flow rate of 150–400 m /s. This paper overviews existing and developing technologies for the mitigation and utilization of the fugitive mine methane, and then presents research progress in developing an innovative lean burn catalytic turbine technology for fugitive methane mitigation and utilization. This turbine system can be powered with about 1% methane in air.

关键词： coal mine methane     mitigation and utilization     lean burn gas turbine     catalytic combustion    

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Enhanced permeability and biofouling mitigation of forward osmosis membranes via grafting graphene quantum

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1470-1483 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2329-5

摘要： In this paper, graphene oxide quantum dots with amino groups (NH2-GOQDs) were tailored to the surface of a thin-film composite (TFC) membrane surface for optimizing forward osmosis (FO) membrane performance using the amide coupling reaction. The results jointly demonstrated hydrophilicity and surface roughness of the membrane enhanced after grafting NH2-GOQDs, leading to the optimized affinity and the contact area between the membrane and water molecules. Therefore, grafting of the membrane with a concentration of 100 ppm (TFC-100) exhibited excellent permeability performance (58.32 L·m–2·h–1) compared with TFC membrane (16.94 L·m–2·h–1). In the evaluation of static antibacterial properties of membranes, TFC-100 membrane destroyed the cell morphology of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and reduced the degree of bacterial adsorption. In the dynamic biofouling experiment, TFC-100 membrane showed a lower flux decline than TFC membrane. After the physical cleaning, the flux of TFC-100 membrane could recover to 96% of the initial flux, which was notably better than that of TFC membrane (63%). Additionally, the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek analysis of the affinity between pollutants and membrane surface verified that NH2-GOQDs alleviates E. coli contamination of membrane. This work highlights the potential applications of NH2-GOQDs for optimizing permeability and biofouling mitigation of FO membranes.

关键词： forward osmosis membrane     graphene oxide quantum dots     graft modification     anti-fouling membrane     XDLVO theory    

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Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 330-335 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014055

摘要： The subject is implementing and innovating environmental protection measures, and promoting green protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges area. This thesis states its significance and effect in the beginning, and then summarizes seven pieces of main practice, includes five pieces of main effect. In the end, this thesis produces some relevant conclusions and suggestions about the subject.

关键词： environmental science     the Three Gorges cultural relics     innovate environmental protection measures     green protection    

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Mitigation and remediation technologies for organic contaminated soils

Lizhong ZHU, Li LU, Dong ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 373-386 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0253-7

摘要： Organic contaminated soils have become a widespread environmental problem, which may lead to a great threat to the quality of agricultural production and to human health. Physical, chemical, and biological technologies have been employed for the mitigation and remediation of organic contaminated soils. This paper reviews the progress of mitigation and remediation technologies for organic contaminated soils and suggests two different strategies for the mitigation of ‘slightly-contaminated’ agricultural soils and the remediation of ‘heavily-contaminated’ soils/sites, respectively. On this basis, directions for future research in this field are suggested.

关键词： organic contaminated soil     mitigation     remediation     bioavailability    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Aerodynamic interference effects and mitigation measures on vortex-induced vibrations of two adjacent

Xiaoliang MENG, Ledong ZHU, Zhenshan GUO

期刊论文

Clogging of slurry-shield tunnel-boring machine drives in sedimentary soft rock: A case study

期刊论文

Accounting greenhouse gas emissions of food consumption between urban and rural residents in China: a whole production perspective

期刊论文

Efficiency of scalar and vector intensity measures for seismic slope displacements

Gang WANG

期刊论文

Optimization design of anti-seismic engineering measures for intake tower based on non-dominated sorting

期刊论文

Unnormalized and normalized forms of gefura measures in directed and undirected networks

Raf GUNS,Ronald ROUSSEAU

期刊论文

GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

期刊论文

Improvement to observability measures of LFO modes in power systems with DFIGs

Shenghu LI

期刊论文

New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

期刊论文

Fire hazard in transportation infrastructure: Review, assessment, and mitigation strategies

Venkatesh KODUR, M. Z. NASER

期刊论文

Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China

期刊论文

Progress in developing an innovative lean burn catalytic turbine technology for fugitive methane mitigation

Shi SU, Xinxiang YU

期刊论文

Enhanced permeability and biofouling mitigation of forward osmosis membranes via grafting graphene quantum

期刊论文

Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

期刊论文

Mitigation and remediation technologies for organic contaminated soils

Lizhong ZHU, Li LU, Dong ZHANG

期刊论文